Cancellable Agreement – A valid contract that a party may terminate upon request. For example, a contract concluded by a minor is voidable for the minor or his legal guardian. A legal process that attempts to resolve a dispute. The parties elect an independent person, called a mediator, to help them resolve their differences on legal issues. Both parties must agree on the outcome. The mediator does not decide or apply a solution. Mediation can be used to resolve family disputes such as custody and money issues, but it is not always a good process if there has been bullying or abuse between partners. Dissolution of marriage; Divorce; does not include cancellation of the cancellation. voir dire – A procedure by which judges and lawyers select a small jury from among those empowered to determine knowledge of the facts of the case and willingness to decide the case solely on the basis of the evidence presented to the court. “See to say” is an expression that means “to tell the truth”.
Arbitration – A form of alternative dispute resolution in which the parties take their dispute to a neutral third party and agree to abide by their decision. In arbitration, there is a hearing where both parties have the opportunity to be heard. In U.S. law, the state`s right to an estate for which there is no person legally qualified to inherit or claim the estate. Grand jury – An investigative jury convened to determine whether the evidence against a defendant supports the charge; which consists of a maximum of 18 persons and at least 15, of whom at least 12 agree before an indictment can be issued. Will – A legal statement that disposes of a person`s property upon that person`s death. Common Law – The legal system that originated in England and is now used in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions and not on laws passed by the legislature.
The opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position in court and also to answer questions from judges. Written statements submitted to the court outlining a party`s legal or factual allegations about the case. An offence less serious than a felony and punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to one year, or both. The categories of offences and concepts are as follows: for a category A offence, a period not exceeding one year; in the case of a class B administrative offence, a maximum period of six months; and for a class C administrative offence, a maximum period of fifteen days. Chapter of the Insolvency Code that provides for “liquidation”, i.e. the sale of a debtor`s non-exempt assets and the distribution of the proceeds to creditors. To be eligible for Chapter 7, the debtor must pass a “means test”. The court assesses the debtor`s income and expenses to determine whether the debtor can sue under Chapter 7. Settlement of a dispute by a third party chosen by both opposing parties who agree to comply with the third party`s decision.
A full-time lawyer hired by federal courts to legally defend defendants who cannot afford a lawyer. The judiciary administers the Federal Defence Counsel Programme in accordance with criminal law. A jury or judge decision that determines the guilt or innocence of a defendant or determines the final outcome of a civil proceeding. Jurisdiction – (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have jurisdiction to hear the same case at the same time. Some issues may be brought in state and federal courts. The plaintiff first decides where to file the lawsuit, but in some cases, the defendant may try to change the court. (2) The geographical area in which the court has jurisdiction to hear cases.
For example, a federal court in a state can generally only decide a case arising from lawsuits filed in that state. Indeterminate sentence – A custodial sentence of a specified minimum and maximum term, expressly authorized by law, cancelled by a parole board or other authorized authority after the prisoner has served the minimum sentence. The legal classification of unsecured claims in the Insolvency Code, which determines the order in which unsecured claims are paid when there is not enough money to pay all unsecured claims in full. Exclusionary rule – The rule that prevents illegally obtained evidence, such as property found during an illegal search, from being used in legal proceedings. Res judicata – An issue or issue that has already been decided by a court. A final judgment on the merits is final with respect to the rights of the parties and constitutes an absolute obstacle to further action in respect of the same claim, claim or cause of action.